Developing Conceptual Improvement Strategies for Drug Abuse Prevention Awareness Modules

Abstract

Drug abuse among adolescents and children poses significant threats to social well-being, national security, and development in our country. Despite various prevention, enforcement, and rehabilitation initiatives, adolescents remain highly vulnerable. In this paper, the drug preventions modules applied in Malaysia have been evaluated. Thus, the study is aimed to explore drug-related issues among adolescents and children; and to develop improvement strategies for existing drug prevention awareness modules. A conceptual research method was employed, synthesizing literature, theoretical frameworks, and existing program evaluations to identify gaps and inform module enhancement. The analysis revealed multi-level vulnerabilities at the individual, family, school, and community levels and several weaknesses of the drug abuse prevention modules had been identified that led to the ineffective strategies to minimize the cases of the drug abuses among young aged. Hence, the proposed multi-level conceptual framework is significantly contributed to national policy and improvement adolescents’ welfare.