Keberkesanan Aktiviti Terapi Seni dalam Meningkatkan Perkembangan Kemahiran Motor Halus bagi Murid Masalah Pembelajaran

The Effectiveness of Art Therapy in Enhancing Fine Motor Skill Development among Students with Learning Disabilities

Abstract

Pendidikan Seni memainkan peranan penting dalam menyokong perkembangan murid yang mengalami masalah pembelajaran. Kajian ini meneliti keberkesanan aktiviti seni dalam meningkatkan perkembangan kemahiran motor halus bagi murid yang mengalami masalah pembelajaran. Kemahiran motor halus merangkumi keupayaan mengawal pergerakan otot kecil, khususnya tangan dan jari, yang penting dalam tugas harian seperti menulis, melukis, dan menggunting. Murid yang mengalami masalah pembelajaran sering menghadapi kesukaran dalam mengembangkan kemahiran ini, yang boleh menjejaskan prestasi akademik dan kemahiran kendiri mereka. Pendekatan seni seperti mewarna, melukis, menggunting, dan membentuk objek menggunakan tanah liat atau plastisin telah terbukti dapat merangsang koordinasi tangan-mata serta meningkatkan kekuatan dan ketangkasan jari. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui reka bentuk kajian kes dengan melibatkan murid masalah pembelajaran. Data di dalam kajian ini dikumpulkan menggunakan kaedah pemerhatian dan temu bual kemudian data dianalisis secara manual. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa aktiviti seni memberi impak positif terhadap perkembangan kemahiran motor halus murid. Murid menunjukkan peningkatan dalam kemahiran memegang alat tulis dengan lebih stabil, menggunting dengan lebih tepat, serta mengawal pergerakan tangan dengan lebih baik. Selain itu, aktiviti seni juga meningkatkan tahap tumpuan dan kesabaran murid dalam menyelesaikan tugasan. Kajian ini membuktikan bahawa terapi seni dapat meningkatkan kemahiran motor halus murid bermasalah pembelajaran dan wajar diterapkan dalam pendidikan khas sebagai kaedah pembelajaran yang berkesan.

Art education plays a crucial role in supporting the development of students with learning disabilities. This study examines the effectiveness of art activities in enhancing the development of fine motor skills in students with learning disabilities. Fine motor skills involve the ability to control small muscle movements, particularly in the hands and fingers, which are essential for daily tasks such as writing, drawing, and cutting. Students with learning disabilities often face difficulties in developing these skills, which can affect their academic performance and self-care abilities. Artistic approaches such as coloring, drawing, cutting, and shaping objects using clay or plasticine have been proven to stimulate hand-eye coordination and improve finger strength and dexterity. This study employs a qualitative approach through a case study design involving students with learning disabilities. Data for this study were collected through observations and interviews and analyzed manually. The findings indicate that art activities have a positive impact on the development of students' fine motor skills. Students demonstrated improvements in holding writing tools more steadily, cutting more accurately, and better controlling hand movements. Additionally, art activities also enhanced students' focus and patience in completing tasks. This study proves that art therapy can enhance the fine motor skills of students with learning disabilities and should be applied in special education as an effective learning method.